Holder

removed and forever disqualified from holding
office.

Going to Washington, where he failed to se-
cure federal aid, he became one of the editors of
the Daily Morning Chronicle (Republican). In
1872 Grant appointed him minister to Peru, but
he declined, and becoming postmaster of Raleigh
in 1873, held the place until 1881. Holden was
twice married: first, in 1841, to Ann Augusta
Young, and second, to Louisa Virginia Harri-
son, both of Raleigh. In personal intercourse he
was kindly, generous, and charitable.

[Memoirs of W. W. Holden (1911), ed. by W. K.
Boyd; "William W. Holden" in Trinity Coll. Hist. Soc.
Ann. Pub. of Hist. Papers, vol. Ill (1899); S. A. Ashe,
Biog. Hist, of N. C., vol. Ill (1905) ; The Correspond-
ence of Jonathan Worth (2 vols., 1909) and The Papers
of Thos. Ruffin (2 vols., 1918), both ed. by J. G. deR.
Hamilton; Hamilton, "Reconstruction in North Caro-
lina," in Columbia Univ. Studies in Hist,t Econ., and
Pub. Law, vol. LVIII (1914) ; Journal of the Conven-
tion of the People of N. C------iS6i (1862) ; Trial of

Wm. W. Holden, Gov. of N. C. (3 vols., 1871) ; files
of the N. C. Standard; News and Observer (Raleigh),
Mar. 2,1892.] J.G.deR.H.

HOLDER, CHARLES FREDERICK

(Aug. 5, i85i-0ct. 10, 1915), naturalist, sports-
man, came of a line of Quakers, being a descend-
ant of Christopher Holder, one of the early Quak-
ers of Massachusetts. Born in Lynn, Mass., he
was the son of Joseph Bassett Holder \_q.vJ\ and
his wife Emily Augusta (Gove) Holder. Hav-
ing received his preliminary education at the
Friends' School, Providence, R. L, Allen's
School, West Newton, Mass., and from private
tutors, he entered the United States Naval Acad-
emy with the class of 1869 but did not graduate.
After a period of service (1871-75) at the Amer-
ican Museum of Natural History as assistant
curator of zoology, he gave his entire time to
writing on natural-history subjects. A good ob-
server, he had a keen relish for making the lives
of all kinds of animals understandable to the gen-
eral public. Both his magazine articles and his
books were designed to popularize the science of
zoology and to develop interest in all branches
of the animal world. The titles Marvels of Ani-
mal Life (1885), Living Lights (1887), A
Strange Company (1888), Stories of Animal
Life (1899), "Crabs and Insects," "Fishes and
Reptiles," and many others of a similar nature
show his bent. Sometimes the appeal was made
to juveniles through such publications as Saint
Nicholas and the Youth's Companion. His two
books in the Leaders in Science Series, Charles
Darwin: His Life and Work (1891) and Louis
Agassis: His Life and Work (1893), were con-
scientiously and happily done, and were influen-
tial in giving the general public an appreciation
of the life and labors of a scientist. On Nov. 8,

Holder

1879, he married Sarah Elizabeth Ufford of
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Leaving New York City, long his home, in
1885, he migrated to California and resided dur-
ing the remainder of his life at Pasadena.
Through the Valley Hunt Club he was the
founder of the New Year's Tournament of Roses.
Shortly after his arrival he discovered an an-
gler's paradise in the deep sea waters that lie
about the irregular chain of scattered islands off
the Southern California coast—the Santa Bar-
bara group. Angling with rod and reel had never
been practised there; no one had attempted to
match a fisherman's reel against the speed, en-
ergy, cunning, and tenacity of a tuna. With a
rod and six hundred feet of number twenty-one
line (a line with a breaking strength of only
forty-two pounds), Holder landed from a twen-
ty-foot launch a leaping tuna six feet four inches
long and weighing 183 pounds, after a spectacu-
lar battle of four hours spread over four miles
of the Catalina channel. It was the first time
that a tuna had been taken in this way and the
feat opened up a new sporting field. In 1898
Holder founded the Tuna Club which developed
a membership in all lands and by its strength ini-
tiated legislation for the proper protection of
game fish and especially of food fish during the
spawning season.

One of Holder's latest efforts was a religious
and political history of the Society of Friends
from the seventeenth to the twentieth century
entitled The Quakers in Great Britain and Amer-
ica (1913). He also published in 1902 The Hold-
ers of HoldernesSj which had been begun by his
father. A man of considerable versatility and
of some ingenuity he was at various times teach-
er, naturalist, editor, lecturer, historian, archeol-
ogist, and sportsman, but his name, doubtless,
will longest be identified with the leaping tuna
that inhabits the salt waters lying off the harbor
of Avalon.

[His book The Channel Islands of California (1910),
affords biographical material and Big Game Fishes of
the U. S. (1903) and Big Game at Sea (1908), are
often, in large part, relations of personal experience.
See also Who's Who in America, 1914-15 ; Los Angeles

Times, Oct. u, 1915.]

W.L.J-

HOLDER, JOSEPH BASSETT (Oct. 26,

i824-Feb. 27, 1888), naturalist, physician, au-
thor, traced his ancestry to the ancient Saxon
Holders of Holderness, in the East Riding of
Yorkshire. He was a descendant of that much
persecuted but intrepid Christopher, progenitor
of the Quaker Holders of America, who arrived
in Boston, July 27, 1656. Joseph was born at
Lynn, Mass., in the quaint Richard Holder home-
stead, dating back to 1690. His mother, Rachad

140